Industrialization Began Quickly - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1381 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Industrial Revolution Essay Did you like this example? Starting around 1760 America changed dramatically with the start of the industrial revolution; the country went from largely agricultural, relying on animal and human power to an urban industrial society with the invention of machinery. This was a major turning point in history, affecting nearly every aspect of society and daily life. Industrialization began quickly in Britain with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, during the 1800s steam power and iron production grew rapidly, eventually moving to the United States in the early 19th century with mechanized textile production. Fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas were utilized replacing the human and animal power previously used. In the early 18th century people began using coal for heating and cooking, during the process of mining the coal their mines would fill with water so, in 1776, James Watt designed a coal-burning steam engine to pump water out of coal mines when using horses hauling buckets took too long. As others began to improve on his design and put it to other uses, steam-powered machinery was becoming more popular leading to factories and rapid urban growth with many moving to these new cities to become employed. Before the factory system, products were made one at a time, by hand, by skilled workers in their home or a small workshops. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Industrialization Began Quickly" essay for you Create order People lived off the land as either landowner and self-employed farmers or laborers moving from job to job. They made their own clothing from yarn they spun and cloth they wove, families would also weave textiles to sell at markets, people and small towns were mainly self-sufficient through the cottage industry. As industrialization progressed and machinery became larger, factories formed around them and business owners hired unskilled workers to run them in the centralized workplace. The spinning Jenny was another groundbreaking invention patented in 1764 by James Hargreaves that allowed workers to spin many spools of wool at once. Workers could spin up to 120 spools at a time increasing the productivity of mills and furthering the industrialization of the textile industry. In 1789 Edmund Cartwright patented his second power loom which served as a model for inventors to improve upon. Cartwright also patented a wool-combing machine and a rope making machine in 1789 and 1792. Most, if not all, inventions during this time period mainly benefitted the business owner. In 1733 John Kay patented the flying shuttle. Prior to this, a weaver was needed on each side of a broad-cloth loom, the flying shuttle required fewer workers. Where multiple people in the past wouldve been used to make one piece of fabric, a machine operated by one worker could make much more. Instead of farm families cleaning the wool and spinning it into yarn, a carding machine would comb it and Samuel Cromptons water-powered spinning machine would spin the thread; Instead of using a skilled yarn weaver, Cartwrights power loom would weave the thread into cloth. A handful of machines like Cromptons, which could produce a finer quality thread at a lower cost, ran by one or two unskilled workers each, replaced entire families and towns of skilled workers. As textile inventions and innovations became more productive and reliable, the demand for cotton increased. This demand inspired Eli Whitney to invent the cotton gin, a machine that removed as much seed from cotton in one day that a woman did in two months. During this time many of the workers were women and children because they would work for lower pay compared to men, they worked in filthy, dangerous conditions. Children were healthy before being sent to work and often became sickly over time or were severely injured at work. Factory owners and merchants became more and more wealthy while laborers lives were incredibly rough. During this time there were no laws or regulations for the new industries, 80% of society were working class who had no power with their employers or over their jobs, and 12-14 hour days with only Sundays off were normal. The population continued to grow but there werent enough food supplies to go around, malnourishment was common as people went hungry. Since so many people moved to the cities so quickly, adequate housing wasnt always available so many moved into already overcrowded slums. Infant mortality was high, diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and tuberculosis spread quickly, and skilled workers such as hand weavers were unemployed where previously they were solidly middle-class citizens. These patterns continued until the early 19th century when laws and regulations were made to better society. New public health acts were put in place to regulate things such as home construction, sewage, and hygiene. In 1854 an English physician, John Snow, was able to trace a cholera outbreak to feces from a homes cesspit contaminating the public water supply and although it would take a few more years for his theory to be accepted, his work changed the way public water and sewage systems were designed. Water pipes went from being made from wood and relying on gravity to using iron pipes and steam pumps; literacy increased when the paper machine was invented and steam power was used for the printing process allowing for the expansion of publishing. The industrial revolution was the first period in history when population growth and increased personal average income happened at the same time. The life expectancy of children increased as safety practices were put into place, transportation improved along with railroads and steamships toward the end of the revolution, and remarkable mechanical advancements were made. As the industrial revolution went on amazing progress was made. Cement was starting to be used on a wide scale for buildings, making them safer and longer lasting. Gas lighting also became popular allowing factories and shops to stay open longer then lighting the streets and alleys for workers to find their way home. A paper machine made by Nicholas Louis Robert made one continuous sheet of paper in what is known as the continuous production process and its design is still used today and inspired the process for other industries like iron and steel. Transportation was made quicker, easier, and more organized when steamboats and steam engine locomotives were invented. People were able to develop timetables for when locomotives would arrive and depart while steamboats made transporting goods across the ocean easier and faster. Canals were used to transport heavy goods from city to city and as the revolution progressed they were improved when curves were straightened and they were made wider and deeper, canal networks were made which then served as a basis when constructing the railways. This network can still be seen in Britain today. The industrial revolution may have been over since the mid-19th century but its effects are still being seen today. These days, most things are made in factories around the world and transported by machines with the modern version of engines. Cities went from having only 3% of the worlds population in 1800 to having more than 50% today where buildings are safer, water is clean, and sanitation measures are put in place. The inventions patented during the revolution have been improved many times through the years but without them, we would never have the things we have now. People are generally safer working in factories due to laws and regulations made after seeing some of the horrors from the early days of the industrial revolution, child labor laws were put into place when reports were written spreading the word of children losing limbs, being crushed, and young factory girls developing what was known as phossy jaw while working in matchstick factories and trade unions were organized in order to allow workers to have some say in their working conditions and pay. In many companies around the world, trade unions are still utilized to ensure fair conditions for the workers. Unfortunately, the environment has suffered from the effects of industrialization through air pollution but efforts were made when societies and groups were founded to study these effects and figure out how to help. Today most governments are concerned with the quality of air and water so many new developments in clean production have been made. The industrial revolution made the world a more efficient place while also improving our quality of life, just about everything used today can be traced back in some form to the industrial revolution.

What I Have Learned About Myself From My Personality Test

The topics this paper will cover include how the Holy Spirit has worked in my life, what I have learned about myself from my personality test self-assessments, insights with respect to my current life in my organization, my leadership and team skills, and various other personality insights that I have analyzed. The results of my Project One and Project Two Self-Assessment tests suggest that INTJ’s such as myself are generally not highly effective communicators. Additionally, we are typically not sensitive to others and their thoughts, feelings, and emotions. On the other hand, I discovered from my Project One and Project Two Self-Assessments that I am a fairly competent employee with tremendous leadership potential. I possess leadership†¦show more content†¦Although I strive to improve on anything and everything I pursue, perfectionism can slow team efficiency down, especially when that perfectionism chronically bogs me down. Furthermore, I get easily discouraged, and as a perfectionist, I am often over-critical of myself and others. Values and Attitude Insights. My Value and Attitude insight scores were as follows: (1) Power- 1 point; (2) Achievement- 9 points; (3) Hedonism- 3 points; (4) Stimulation- 10 points; (5) Self-Direction- 10 points; (6) Universalism- 10 points; (7) Benevolence- 10 points; (8) Tradition- 7 points; (9) Conformity- 10 points; (10) Security- 9 points. These results indicated that I do not value power, nor hedonism. On the other hand, according to my Project Two Self-Assessments, I highly value achievement, stimulation, self-direction, universalism, benevolence, tradition, conformity, and security. Additionally, according to my Self-Assessment, my â€Å"Harmonizer† score of 7 indicated that I possess the moderate ability to mediate conflict through reconciliation or humor. Keirsey theorized that INTJ’s â€Å"simply do not typically feel the need to express (our affection for others)† (Keirsey, n.d., p. 15). Therefore, I must actively seek more opportunities to express my thoughts, ideas, concerns, and affection for others. If I improve my ability to express my affection for others, I will consequently improve my reconciliation andShow MoreRelatedFinal Critical Thinking1090 Words   |  5 PagesFinal: My thinking about living with an open and critical mind has definitely both been challenged and changed through this experience. During this experience I gave up drinking soda and only replaced it with water. I took a personality test and learned a lot about why I am the way that I am. Also, I started journaling for my emotional health and well being. 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Fro m these three topics I will also discuss what I have learned about organizational behavior in general and specifically how that will help me become more effective in my current job. Finally, I will discuss the importance of individual personality, and how knowing Jesus personally effects individual behavior. Dr Fischer states, â€Å"You cannot fullyRead MoreWhy Do Some People Have More Imagination Than Others?974 Words   |  4 Pagespeople have more imagination than others? How come some people daydream more than others? Well maybe that’s because they are right brained, which means they use the â€Å"right† side of their brain more. I know what you’re thinking, right brained? How do they only use the right part of their brain? Well that’s what I thought until I studied and took some tests about typology, the habits of mind. When I got my results from the tests most of them fit me, but some really surprised me! When I found out I wasRead MoreMy Perso nality Test For General Psychology1742 Words   |  7 PagesAfter taking the personality tests for general psychology in Lab 2, I am both intrigued and surprised by my results. Prior to this class, I have taken other personality profile tests due to my fascination with the way the human mind works. I have found that understanding my own personality, as well as the personalities of others helps immensely when trying to interact and relate to the people closest to us. Before I began this summary, I needed to know more about the determination of me being anRead MorePersonality, Personality And Personality Assessment Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout organizational development, personality traits are a prominent discussion. Learning what personality is dominant will help me to learn how improve or change myself personally, spiritually and professionally. When an individual learns about their personality they are able to increase their positive interaction with the world, and r ecognize their weakness which in turns helps to recognize their sinful nature. We all have sinful tendencies, but it is a choice to act on them or not (FischerRead MorePersonality Assessment : Personality And Work Ethics Essay1290 Words   |  6 Pagesdistinct personality. According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, â€Å"personality is defined as the set of emotional qualities and ways of behaving that makes a person different from other people†. My personality simply defines how others view me and most importantly the authenticity of who I am. Some people are prone to having outgoing personalities, while I prefer to be alone. After taking the Jung Typology Test, I understand my personality even more. This personality assessment will document my personalityRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1278 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship we have between family and co-workers. I believe this is the reason, amongst others, why the Myers-Briggs personality test was created; to understand diversity and help us learn and become better individuals to the world at large. This paper evaluates the results of my Myers-Briggs test and how it applies in my personal life and career. Furthermore, I discuss what I have learned and how it it would benefit me in the future. ïÆ' ¼Needs work The Myers-Briggs personality test is designed toRead MorePersonality Profile And Pearson Assessment Results Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Personality is the sum of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others† (Robbins Judge 2009). We are all born with different personalities that are unique. The qualities that make up one’s personality are specific to their life’s purpose. It is our job as humans to identify how to best use our personalities for the greater good and make a difference. According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, my personality was determined to be ENFP. As an ENFP, I thrive when I am aroundRead MoreMyers Briggs Personality Test : Evaluation997 Words   |  4 PagesMyers-Briggs personality test, which will include results from the Jung typology test. I have learned that my Jung Typology results is a ENTJ which put me in the Executive type of leadership position. ENTJ I will discuss ENTJ personality as a whole and the meaning of each letter within the results. Finally I will touch up on what I have learned as a whole and how to improve myself within my organization. ENTJ ENTJ according to Myers-Briggs are naturally born leaders and a take charge type of person. I truly

Case Analysis Insubordination Essay Example For Students

Case Analysis Insubordination Essay Insubordination or Unclear Loyalties? * Abstract Ellen, the program director of Omega House, a hospice, was wondering how to deal with the new development officer, George. He reported to her and was also part of a cross program task force on fundraising within the Social Action Consortium (SAC), the umbrella organization for a variety of service agencies located in the Midwest. Ellen was accustomed to working in a team and found George’s communicative approach disconcerting. She was puzzled as to how to deal with the situation. Was the problem with George structural rather than individual? George’s job seemed unclear, with him reporting both to her and the SAC development office chief, who headed the task force. Thus, she asked herself, â€Å"Is the problem George’s irresponsible and non-communicative behavior or is it confusion over who is to direct this effort or both? † Background Omega House was established for those terminally ill patients who need to find inner peace and dignity as well as the best in hospice care in their remaining days. It had been started a group that had been unable to sustain it financially and had gone bankrupt and been closed for several years. Then, in the early 1990s, SAC agreed to assume responsibility for it. It is now one of many services provided by SAC. SAC brings together 17 different groups, including small social service agencies and donor organizations that wish to be involved in more direct service than contributing to a funding agency. For nearly 80 years it has provided service to the less fortunate and disenfranchised. It provides a wide range of services, in addition to Omega House, including the following: assorted special projects in the field of education, services to at-risk youth, shelters and apartments for those with special needs, services for people with HIV, addictions counseling, an intercity health program and emergency food assistance, consumer credit seminars, and political advocacy for issues that effect the poor and disenfranchised. Its expenditures and revenues in 1995 were roughly $8 million. Program Director Ellen didn’t get much sleep. Before, when she had been a full-time nurse, she used to fill asleep immediately after an exhausting but satisfying shift; she could leave the problem at work. However, now that she had become a manager, she found that things tended to nag at her and keep her awake. Like today, George seemed to be insubordinate. She would never have a spoken to a superior in that tone. Why did he think he could get away with it with her? Did she appear unsure of herself? Was George confused over where his loyalties should lie? Ellen began working at the hospice as a registered nurse in patient care five years ago. Then, just over two years ago, she became the temporary program director, after her predecessor had been dismissed. She assumed the managerial responsibilities for Omega House, in addition to clinical oversight of patient care. Given her lack of managerial experience at the time her temporary assignment, she had been promised managerial training, but after two years was still waiting. Ellen felt very comfortable dealing with clinical care and was fortunate to have a strong clinical staff, an excellent and devoted kitchen crew, and a dedicated volunteer coordinator who organized the extensive services provided by the volunteers. However, she was less comfortable with her managerial duties in relation to SAC. Also, the troubled financial history of the Omega House concerned her. To further complicate matters, the SAC administration had proven both arbitrary and autocratic, in her experience. Though she lived through the bankruptcy, she missed the lean administrative structure Omega House had enjoyed before the bankruptcy and subsequent SAC ownership. Her clinical staff had also worked at Omega House before SAC assumed control and were often skeptical of SAC-mandated changes. Additionally, she was not quite certain what George, Omega’s new development officer, was doing. SAC’s executive director had hired George immediately before she left to take another job with a prominent ecumenical relief organization. This left the organization without an executive director, as the board had decided to take some time to fill the leadership position. George seemed to spend most of his time with the other development people at SAC, working on the cross-program task force on fundraising. He was the only one with professional fundraising experience and many within SAC viewed him as an expert. Ellen understood that should George obtain a large grant for SAC, it could also help Omega House. However, it had been her experience that she had to fight hard for resources. Thus, when George had been assigned to her, she thought he would focus most of his attention on Omega House. Ellen understood that Omega House was one of SAC’s only programs with active volunteers who would raise funds. Thus she understood that George could also be useful to other parts of SAC but still felt that since George had been hired with money from a grant given to Omega House, he should spend the bulk of his time serving their needs. Funds from this grant had also been used to purchase office equipment used by George and others. Ellen had also come to suspect, based on gossip, that George’s past job history involved a personal indiscretion that had led to his termination with another employer. This made it difficult for her to completely trust him. What is George Up To? Ellen entered the kitchen early Monday morning and said, â€Å"Hi Dan. What’s for breakfast today? † Dan, with his back to her, was gyrating to the rhythm of a CD blaring in the boom box; Dan’s wide-ranging preferences for music ran from the church hymns he played on Sunday evenings to punk. Alternative Medicine EssayGeorge responded, â€Å"Well, that’s what I’m here for. † Fundraising was a big issue with Omega and the SAC. Some of the low-profile SAC programs had been cut recently. Ellen had been told by SAC than her program would not be cut, but was concerned nonetheless since she wanted to upgrade some of their equipment as well as complete the remodeling of the facility. To do so, she needed more money and George had been recruited for that purpose. However, he seemed to spend a lot of time at the SAC office working with the cross-program task force on fundraising for the benefit of the overall organization rather than focusing on Omega. Additionally, some of Ellen’s uncertainty stemmed from the autocratic style the former SAC director had used to manage the various programs. Sometimes the director had seemed capricious in how we would arbitrarily fire program directors. Ellen also regarded her as insensitive; the director would come in, unannounced, leading a delegation of visitors through the facility. Since Omega was a hospice, Ellen felt that such visits should have been handled with greater sensitivity. Also, the director had tried to micro-manage many of the programs. She would make decisions about minutiae, sometimes change programs without consulting the program director, and involve staff from the various programs in SAC issues, such as the cross-program task force on fundraising. Ellen understood that this was a large concern for SAC and she knew that George, who was assigned to Omega, needed to participate in this fundraising task force at SAC. However, Ellen was concerned that Omega’s internal fundraising efforts were not getting the attention they deserved from George. It was apparent to Ellen that Lisa, the student intern, had assumed leadership role, filing the vacuum left by George. However, Lisa was temporary and should not supplant George. With this in mind, Ellen then asked, â€Å"Say, I was wondering how it was going with the Omega committee you’re leading for fundraising? † Ellen had formed an internal committee, comprised of both staff and volunteers (some if whom were donors), to generate ideas for fundraising. She had heard form committee members that George was difficult to communicate with and frequently did not attend the meetings. Still, Ellen was aware of how both the staff and volunteers comprised a group that had been together for years and that it would be difficult for George to be accepted immediately. George responded assertively, â€Å"Look, I can’t get the job done if I’m to work in committees all the time here and at SAC. † Ellen responded, quickly and decisively, â€Å"I asked you to be on that committee and I expected you to participate. These people have been a part of Omega for years and can contribute a great deal both in service and ideas. Those who are donors also provide a lot of financial support. They are the ones who keep us going. You can’t ignore them. Furthermore, they need your fundraising expertise. I know it’s difficult to enter an established group but you won’t have a chance if they don’t perceive you as more cooperative. George responded, more carefully this time after Ellen’s displeasure, â€Å"I had no intention of leaving anyone out of the loop or avoiding the committee. It’s just that I’m part of SAC’s cross-program task force. I had a few conflicts where I had to decide where to focus my energies. I felt I had to do what SAC wanted. † Ellen was now walking around the room. She listened, though for a moment, and then responded, â€Å"I understand that you need to coordinate your Omega efforts with the SAC team’s overall plans and may be asked to do things with them. However, when I tell you specifically what to do, I expect you to do it. † George responded delicately, â€Å"Maybe you should speak with the SAC development officer so that we can all understand our jobs better. † Ellen felt she was not getting through to George. She stated, â€Å"You are assigned here. Your salary comes out of my budget. I don’t see the confusion. Yes, I’ll speak with the SAC development officer to clarify what it is that I told you to do and why I want you to do it. But that won’t change that you’re working here for me. So please do what I say. † Ellen felt that she couldn’t have been more explicit. However, later, on her way home, she wondered if the problem wasn’t structural rather than individual. George reported to her and SAC’s development chief. She recalled how SAC’s development chief sat in on George’s interview with her and lobbied for George because of his skills, which he said would round out SAC’s development team. Thus, she wondered, â€Å"Is the problem George and what appears to be irresponsible and non-communicative behavior or is it confusion over who is to direct his efforts or both? † * This case was written by Asbjorn Osland, George Fox University, and Shamon Shoul, University of Portland. Case Problems in Management.

Observation Of Child Essay Sample free essay sample

Observation of the kids between ages 8monmths and old ages show different facet of child instruction and development. It depicts an unbelievable nature of how the organs ands systems evolve into a permanent construction that can back up life of the planet. The developments encompass the mental and rational facets of their lives. the physical betterment that occurs. and emotional links they portion in the environment. An rating of the first kid. twelve moth old Clara. shows a yearling with limited countries of range on walking legs. The kid is creeping on the legs: this is seen by the kid as an chance to catch things in the environment: the physical passage is from the extremely dependent babe with no motion to an germinating escapade to travel on creeping limbs. The kid finds the exercising rather interesting. And as state of affairss demand. it tries to travel up keeping the tabular array and other similar objects as supports. We will write a custom essay sample on Observation Of Child Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This physical passage is balanced by musculus mass addition. As I observed the kid. I noticed that it finds its freshly acquired freedom to alter position and place interesting. and he was ready to research all chances associated with the freedom. He used the chance to disperse the whole topographic point. and everyplace is left untidy. What is the kid looking for? No 1 knows. The kid besides attempted to speak. attempts to show his feelings openly about what was go oning in his environment. Besides. there is a difference in response to individuals they are run intoing and those they have met ; this is non unconnected to emotional fond regard they have to members. The 2nd kid shows more advanced development. His address was well-developed. She expressed herself within the bounds of available vocabulary. She was able to utilize her address to show emotions about what she was traveling through and what she expected. There were peculiar elements of physical development every bit good. as the 6-year could travel freely. As a consequence of this spacial freedom. she moved from topographic point to topographic point. played with friends and household members. The kid showed enormous mental development as expressed in address and character: she spoke clearly and good. She gesticulated a figure of times as she expressed herself. She was peculiarly attracted to flowers and colourss. I understood that she loved those things. as she worked on colourss most of the clip. This is a map of the deepness of mental and rational development the kid was undergoing. She participated good in category activities. However. she is speedy at denying the incorrect things she did. I wondered if anybody of all time taught here such a wont. which normally attracts commiserate penalty from the parent. There is no uncertainty that development has taken topographic point in mental capacity. emotions and minds. The importance of such an observation is that it affords the chance to see the progressive developmental tendencies that occur in a kid. as she/he adapts to society. The instruction of the kid is initiated at the household scene. and modified by friends. instructors and other member s of the larger society. From the observation of these two kids one hardly 12months and other 6years. I have appreciated the developmental mileposts in a practical manner ; the kid developmental physically. emotionally. socially and even in motor operations. This advancement is bit-by-bit and takes forbearance to cover with attendant challenges associated with each phase. The younger kid is merely get downing enjoy freedom of walking. and the other has begun walking in due clip. The major developmental differences take topographic point in the motion particularly dramas and pretenses that the 6-year is involved in on a regular basis. This forms a major portion of childhood instruction. by making fanciful state of affairss in world ; The decision is that the development of a kid differs based on the signifier of instruction they get in the household. Formal instruction forms a major portion of the foundation of the kid. There is no uncertainty that there is a progressive passage in the betterment of 12-month old and the 6-year old. They differ in motor coordinating. physical activity and emotional stableness. Morrison presents a modern-day overview of the field of child instruction utilizing the Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development as footing: this is obvious in the observation carried.

Social Networks Application in Smartphone

In the recent years, researchers have expressed concerns over the alarming rate in the spread of the use of social network applications. Most researchers agree that the issue deserves attention, which could be attributed to the widespread use of mobile phones due to their availability. With the recent developments and innovations on mobile phones, more social networks applications have come into use.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Social Networks Application in Smartphone specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With Smartphone being one of the recent mobile technologies, widespread use of various social networks applications has been inevitable. In addition, the technology through the utilization of social networks applications has eased our day-to-day operations in various ways. Just as the name suggests, social networks applications are sort of programs that enable or even enhance communication among individ uals regardless of the geographical distance separating them (Goldenberg et al., 2006). However, these social networks applications have had impacts across various aspects of the society in general. This paper shall be based on the application of social networks in Smartphone coupled with my personal social media experience. Apart from the aspect of interacting with friends, the social media technology can be utilized to achieve many other goals that include soliciting funds and an avenue through which one can find a job among other aspects. My social media experience will be based on the use of social media applications to maintain a long distance relationship. The paper shall also highlight some of the implications of utilizing these applications both to an individual and to the society. After John, my closest friend, went to Australia for studies, I could not stand the loneliness. The available few modes of communication were quite expensive and inefficient, especially for the lo ng distance communication. At times, I felt as though our relationship was falling apart as communication was curtailed by the geographical distance between us. Notably, for a relationship to remain steady, communication should be put into consideration and should be consistent. However, we kept on exchanging gifts and communication was through phone calls and other means such as emails and telegraphs. These modes were quite expensive and unreliable at times. For instance, it would take such a long time for John to reply my fax messages and emails, especially if I had sent them without informing him first. On the other hand, we spent a lot of money sending parcels through air couriers. Telephone calls also proved to be expensive since they were international and the call rates were quite high. It even came a time we had to stay for weeks without communicating due to unavailability of funds since we had no jobs and thus we depended on parents for our upkeep.Advertising Looking f or research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Currently, the trend has changed a great deal and we can communicate any time we want. With the latest development of Smartphone among mobile technologies, communication has been eased significantly. Smartphone is a type of mobile phone that has additional features and programs, thus making it better than other mobile phones. A Smartphone can perform different functionality at the same time, which is missing in other normal phones. For instance, a Smartphone comes with a feature that lets the user to divide the screen into different portions and run different tasks on those compartments at the same time. With the introduction of these smart phones into the market, communication between us eased as we were in a position to utilize both free and paid social networks applications that come along with a smart phone (Goldenberg et al., 2006). Apart from G-chats and sh ort messaging applications, we also learnt to utilize other social networks applications to enhance our communication, thus, shortening the distance between us. Through invitations for TV nights, we were able to watch our favorite shows through the Skype together. Through this application, John remained updated on commercials that were being aired back here at home. Meeting new friends and introducing them to each other was quite an easy task. For instance, through the Google hangout application, we managed to arrange for double dates. With social media applications, life seemed normal for us as we were in a position to do most things together. Playing games as scrabble was not such a big deal, as we could still communicate as the game proceeded as though we are physically together. Boredom is one aspect that creeps in when repetitive activities happen for quite a long time, and thus to break away from the monotony of social networks, we could send manual packages to each other. Man y couples and friends find themselves in a dilemma due to geographical distance separating them. Appreciably, it can be quite cumbersome to maintain a long distance relationship. With the emergence and widespread use social networks applications, the challenge of distance should no longer be a hindrance in a relationship, especially in the wake of Smartphones.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Social Networks Application in Smartphone specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, various Smartphones support these applications, hence making communication easier. Social network applications are sort of programs that enable communication through additional modifications that include sharing of pictures, status updates, playing games, and sending messages among many others. Face- to- face communication can be enhanced through Skype, which is an application that allows you to see the other person as you commun icate. Many other activities can be performed through the application, viz. preparing meals together and having dinners through the Internet. In addition, other applications let the communicating parties to send voice notes and video messages if they are not available for a chat. Facebook and Twitter are other types of network applications that allow people to share their feelings through status updates, photographs, and comments among others. However, these applications do not allow face-to-face communication, as they do not support such features. Currently, a myriad of social networks can be utilized to keep a long distance relationship. In addition, social networks can be utilized for other purposes other than maintaining relationships. For instance, in the political arena, politicians utilize social networks to launch their manifestos and make them available to citizens. In the field of medicine, there exist social network applications that can be utilized by medics to treat pat ients in other countries and regions. On the part of education, social networks are used to convey reading materials and other academic information to students; therefore, enhancing electronic learning (Goldenberg et al., 2006). In maintaining long distance relationships, the concept of creativity on the usage of social media plays a key role in ensuring effective and exciting communication. Although social networks have played a significant role in enhancing communication, they have had both positive and negative impacts to individuals and the society in general. Conventionally, social networks have helped in making the world a global village. With just a click, information can be relayed to persons quite far away from each other. Through these social networks, people have been in a position to create identities whereby people can search a person’s profile through the social media. Connecting with people in the community has been enhanced through these social networks, hence maintaining relationships (Hill et al., 2006). Although conversation could take place through phone calls, connecting to many people at the same time was such a difficult task. In addition, one could only speak to people familiar to him or her, since not all people were willing to share their numbers. With the emergence of social networks, the idea of friendships changed as one could make many friends within a short time and communicate with multiple individuals simultaneously.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Researchers have established that loneliness can result into people taking actions that lead to destruction of their own lives in addition to stress and depression. However, through social networks, people can socialize and thus do away with loneliness (Boyd, 2008). Through social media, people share life experiences, hence depicting a sort of group therapy. The point is, by people sharing their experiences, they can empathize with each other and one can easily find solutions to his or her problems. One person may have gone through such an experience previously and can inform the other on how he or she went through the whole situation. Social media enhances the speed of communication, thus ensuring speedy and efficient communication. Currently, time is never enough to most people because of work and commitments to family. Social networks offer a chance to this class of people to communicate with other efficiently and effectively. For instance, it takes an individual less than a minu te to post updates to one social network, say Facebook, and with the help of a feature that allows cross posting to other social networks, the updates reaches all intended parties instantly. The social media opens up the world to an individual through making it a smaller place as opposed to the earlier days when these applications were inexistent. Social networks have also created the aspect of equality towards everyone regardless of the geographical location. For instance, families living far apart can remain in touch with the rest of the family members living in the hometown. One can also connect with school friends that have relocated to other towns or states. Sharing one’s interests is one of the ways through which social networks can be utilized to create identity (Goldenberg et al., 2009). For instance, some social networks allow a person choose people with similar interests for friendship. On the other hand, others like Twitter will let a person follow those with statu ses of interest, thus making connections with people with similar interests, which would be hard to establish if socializing offline. The aspect of socialization can be viewed in different dimensions including the economic dimension through marketing and other aspects of commerce. Social network applications enhance network-marketing techniques that help marketers identify influencers and predict variables affecting the behavior depicted by various consumers (Hill et al., 2006). Depending on how people behave on various social network sites, marketers can easily identify characteristics of various individuals, demographics of a certain state or region, and any form of existing constraints, hence leading to identification of market gaps that depict a marketing opportunity. Just like most issue in life, social networks also have positive and negative impacts attached to them. On the part of education, the social media has a direct impact on the value of information (Acquisti Gross, 2 006). For instance, friends usually influence the shaping of mind especially for children and teenagers. Currently, there has been an array of social media that when utilized can influence a person’s way of thinking and perceptions. From the analysis of my experience, both of us were in a position to influence each other negatively, which could happen through video clips shared through various sites such as MySpace. The same information could be extended to other friends back at school. The same information is also made available in social media through blogs, video clips, and audio in the form of songs. Currently, children have access to social media, hence exposure to apparent dangers associated with social media. When children log into these social websites, they might end up disclosing crucial information to child predators and scammers (Acquisti Gross, 2006). They are also subject to cyber bullying in addition to getting access to unsuitable sites and pages. For instanc e, a child may arrange for a meeting with a stranger through social media, only to be found dead after the meeting. This threat calls for parents to put stringent measures on their children against the utilization of social networks. On the other hand, social media is a time-waster among starters as quite a significant proportion of time is spent on these sites while ignoring other constructive chores and tasks. Researchers carried some surveys and disclosed that more than a third of interviewees confessed to spending time on Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace among other social network applications. Time spent is usually spent on editing profiles, posting photographs, and comments, which are not necessarily urgent or necessary (Boyd, 2008). Through social networks, the subject of privacy is highly compromised (Acquisti Gross, 2006). For instance, people post photographs into these sites and can be accessed by different people who log in into the site. Sharing of information with frien ds also depicts a compromise of one’s privacy. The future of social networks applications is quite promising despite the many controversies surrounding the utilization of these sites. Information technology specialists should engage in various innovations in a bid to come up with competitive packages that suit different user needs in the market. These specialists also need to understand that consumerism is not only limited to cloud services and mobile devices, but also social network applications (Hill et al., 2006). Social network applications can be utilized for other purposes apart from communication, especially in the business world. Currently, business organizations are shifting towards enterprise social applications that best suit their needs. For instance, a company may have trouble in distributing information especially to mobile employees. Innovations should be incorporated into social applications to make them useful. For instance, the incorporation of news feeds an d real time technologies into social applications can help employees to remain productive and stay in the loop (Goldenberg et al., 2006). Unlike when business organizations used blogs and intranets to pass messages to their employees, they have shifted to sleek and fun -filled options that are found in social networks applications (Goldenberg et al., 2009). This aspect forms a platform for IT specialists to incorporate enterprise collaboration software into various social networks to be utilized. In a bid to enhance efficiency in the utilization, specialists should be in a position to advise various organizations on the best packages for their organization. Reference List Acquisti, A., Gross, R. (2006). Imagined communities: Awareness, information sharing, and privacy on the Facebook. In P. Golle G. Danezis (Eds.), Proceedings of 6th Workshop on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (pp. 36-58). Cambridge, UK: Robinson College. Boyd, D. (2008). Why youth (heart) social network sites: The role of networked publics in teenage social life. In D. Buckingham (Ed.), Youth, Identity, and Digital Media (pp. 119-142). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Goldenberg, J., Han, S., Lehman, D., Hong, J. (2009). The Role of Hubs in the Adoption Process. Journal of Marketing, 73(2), 1–13. Goldenberg, J., Lehman, D., Shidlovski, D., Barak, M. (2006). The role of expert versus social opinion leaders in new product adoption. MSI Working Paper,  Report No.06-124, 1-16. Hill, S., Foster, P., Chris, V. (2006). Network-based Marketing: Identifying Likely Adopters via Consumer Networks. Statistical Science, 21(2), 256-276. This research paper on Social Networks Application in Smartphone was written and submitted by user Kellen A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Developing Managerial Talent Through Simulation

Developing Managerial Talent Through Simulation In the last 35 years, simulations have been used with increasing frequency in the development of managerial talent. In various forms, simulations of managerial and organizational activities have been used to study administrative behavior (Hemphill, Griffiths, Fredericksen, 1962), assess potential (Thornton Byham, 1982), enhance managerial skills (McCall Lombardo, 1978), diagnose training needs (Stumpf, 1988a, 1988b), foster team building among groups of managers (Kaplan, Lombardo, Mazique, 1985), and evaluate the effectiveness of managerial training (Moses Ritchie, 1975). In this article, we evaluate how simulations have contributed to the development of managerial talent by summarizing theory, research, and practice in three areas: research on managerial behavior, assessment of managerial abilities, and training managerial skills.Definitions and BackgroundOur review of simulations covers what is formally called gaming simulations (Jones, 1972). A simulation is a model or repres entation of real-world events in which elements are depicted by symbols or numbers or in physical form.A discrete and stochastic simulation of the repres...In a simulation, some essential features of an activity are duplicated without portraying reality itself (Jones, 1972)-for example, something as simple as the interactions of a manager and subordinate dealing with a performance problem on the job, or something as complex as an island nation faced with multiple economic and political crises (Streufert, Pogash, Piasecki, 1988). A game involves one or more players who are given background information to study, rules and conditions to follow, and roles to play. The essential feature of a game is the interactive process of players and the system (Jones, 1972).When gaming simulations are used for assessing individuals, they are often called performance tests or exercises (Cronbach, 1970) or, when set in the context of an organization, business games. We have restricted this review of business games to simulations of social interactions, general management processes, and decision making...

Outline of research paper Impact of the Internet on a Small Business Assignment

Outline of research paper Impact of the Internet on a Small Business - Assignment Example Poon (1997) also discussed some research findings regarding competitive advantage and the extent to which the Internet helps in achieving that advantage. The Net Imperative (2009) and other Internet sources were also used as references in making their findings enhanced the contents of this paper. The rest of the paper includes the perspectives and interpretation of the researcher based on the sources used, both offline and online. Among the major findings of the research suggest that the positive impacts outweigh those of the negative. According to Poon (1997), the Internet affects small businesses especially inter-organizational and enterprise-to-consumer because IT costs are relatively low and efficient. Furthermore, the Internet also intensifies relations with trading partners by requesting quotes or perishable stocks of goods through online auction (The Net Imperative, 1999). In addition, the Internet is also a major help in locating and purchasing resources from distant market while it lessens the costs of marketing because it lessens the overseas taxes. In other cases, off-shoring is also a positive impact of the Internet because small companies with high operating cost in their home country can venture into overseas business in countries with lower operational costs. On the contrary, the research also reported the negative impact of Internet in terms of the company’s competitive advantage over b ig industries since both engage in Internet marketing and operations, as well. Lastly, Internet security is also a negative impact since information about the company, as well as its transactions and strategies, are also available via websites and blogs. The Internet has both positive and negative impacts to small businesses. The positive impacts outweigh the negative. Therefore, the Internet is a vital tool in today’s